Pat Murphy
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History and Status of the Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
General Motors (GM) first demonstrated an electric concept car, called the Impact, in 1990. This marked the beginning of a major effort by automakers to meet the stringent emissions requirements of the California Air Resources Board (CARB), using Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), also referred to as zero emissions vehicles (ZEVs). Between 1996 and 2003, approximately 5,600 BEVs were manufactured. Eventually, some automakers, with support from the U.S. government, initiated a lawsuit that had the effect …
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Challenging Vehicle Electrification and Plug-In Cars
This report covers the early history of plug-in cars. It and the others in this series, provide a comprehensive analysis of the historical evolution of BEVs and BHEVs since 1990. They document the inflated MPG claims and describe the mechanisms and arguments used to misrepresent electrification of transportation. An electric car essentially represents a shift from burning petroleum as gasoline or diesel in a vehicle to burning coal, natural gas, and uranium in a power …
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